Flavone glucosides from Artemisia juncea

A new flavone glucoside, 4′,5-dihydroxy-3′,5′,6-trimethoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucoside was obtained from aerial parts of Artemisia juncea, together with the known flavone eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3′,4′,6-trimethoxyflavone). The compounds were comprehensively analytically characterized by IR, UV, NMR and HR-MS, and their chemical structures ascertained. The EtOAc fraction of A. juncea showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging ability as well as reducing power (in CUPRAC and FRAP assays) and phosphomolybdenum activity. This fraction also exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Additionally, the best antidiabetic effects were observed for eupatilin and the CHCl₃ fraction.     

Artematrovirenolides A—D and Artematrolides S—Z,Sesquiterpenoid Dimers with Cytotoxicity against Three Hepatoma Cell Lines from Artemisia atrovirens

Inspired by the intriguing structures and remarkable activities of sesquiterpenoid dimers,12 new sesquiterpenoid dimers,artematrovirenolides A—D(1—4)and artematrolides S—Z(8—12),were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Artemisia atrovirens through a bioactivity-guided approach.Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data and absolute configuration was assigned based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data and ECD calculations.Structurally,all compounds are presumably formed via[4+2]cycloaddition involving three connecting model.Compounds 1—4 are four novel hetero-dimeric[4+2]Diels-Alder adducts dimerized from a rotundane-type unit and a guaiane-type monomer,and compounds 5—12 are eight new homo-dimeric[4+2]adducts derived from two guaianolide moieties.A putative biosynthetic pathway for compounds 1—4 was also proposed.Compounds 4,6,7,and 10 demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2,SMMC-7721,and Huh7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.3 to 62.3μmol/L.Interestingly,compounds 5 and 11 manifested cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 13.6 and 12.8(HepG2),18.5 and 13.1(SMMC-7721),and 16.5 and 19.4μmol/L(Huh7),respectively,which were equivalent to the positive control,sorafenib.This investigation suggests that compounds 5 and 11 might be considered as potent antihepatoma candidates and deserve further structural modification and mechanism study.     

Lignans and secoiridoid glycosides from the stem barks of Jasminum tortuosum

This paper reports on the first phytochemical analysis ever performed on Jasminum tortuosum Willd. This analysis, mainly carried out by means of column chromatography separation, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, led to the isolation and the identification of four compounds, namely the lignans ginkgool (1) and olivil-4′-O-β-glucopyranoside (2) and the secoiridoids oleoside dimethyl ester (3) and oleoside 11-methyl ester (4). The presence of these compounds is significant from a chemotaxonomic point of view, confirming the correct botanical classification of the species and, from a phytochemical standpoint, may suggest its possible use in the ethno-medicinal field.     

冷蒿挥发油化学成分的分离和鉴定

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了冷蒿挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用结合计算机检索对其化学成分进行了分析和鉴定,共分离出106个峰,确定了101种化合物,它们主要是二甲基-甲撑基环庚(17.67%)、3,3,6-三甲基-1,5-庚二烯醇-2(16.40%)、3,3,6-三甲基-1,4-庚二烯醇-6(8.55%)、桉树脑(5.57%)、3,7-二甲-基2,6-辛二烯醇-1(3.85%)、神圣亚麻三烯(3.73%)、1-甲基-3-异丙基苯(3.26%)、桥环[2,2,1]萜烯(2.91%)、樟脑(2.26%)、香叶烯(2.20%),以上10种化合物占挥发油总量的66.40%。     

An effective method for fast determination of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection

Artemisinin isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L., is a promising and potent antimalarial drug, which meets the dual challenge posed by drug-resistant parasites and rapid progression of malarial illness. The aim of the current study was to develop a reliable and fast analytical procedure for the determination of artemisinin in A. annua using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) in couple with microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) as an efficient sample preparation technique. The HPLC conditions were Agilent C18 column using water:acetonitrile (40:60 v/v) mixture as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹. ELSD conditions were optimized at nebulizer-gas flow rate of 2.0 L min⁻¹ and drift tube temperature of 70 °C under the impactor off-mode, and the gain was set at 2. Afterwards, method validation system for HPLC-ELSD analysis was developed. Calibration range was 0.2-1.0 mg mL⁻¹ and correlation coefficient r was above 0.9990. Precision experiments showed relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of retention time was less than 0.5% and R.S.D. of peak area was less than 1.30%. Inter-day and intra-day variabilities showed that R.S.D. was ranged from 1.01% to 4.66%. Limit of detection was less than 40 μg mL⁻¹ and limit of quantification was less than 100 μg mL⁻¹. Accuracy validation showed that average recovery was between 98.23% and 104.97%. The developed analytical procedure was successfully applied to determine the contents of artemisinin in the different parts of A. annua plants.     

艾蒿柱层析馏分成分分析

将甲苯浸泡获得的艾蒿提取物置于硅土层析柱上,再用乙酸乙酯淋洗获得一个柱层析馏分。用气相色谱对该馏分进行分离,用质谱法和红外光谱法对分离组分进行了结构鉴定。共鉴定出20个纽分,其中倍半萜3个,单萜6个,在这9个萜类组分中,有3个是首次报道。同样,用液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC—DAD-MSD)对该馏分进行了分析鉴定,结果显示这些组分中可能存在大量的萜类物质。     

Analysis of alkaloids in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A method for the analysis of alkaloids in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) was developed. Using protopine (PRO), allocryptopine (ALL), sanguinarine (SA), and chelerythrine (CHE) as the model components, different columns for the separation and different mobile phases for the signal intensities of alkaloids in ESI/MS were investigated, respectively. The results showed that good separation and high signal intensities can be obtained on a high carbon loading (17%) reversed-phase C(18) column with 30 mM formic acid in mobile phase for the analysis of alkaloids. Under the optimal separation condition and UV detection (284 nm), linearity of the six alkaloids was obtained over concentration range from 0.05 to 100.00 microg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.62, 1.87, 1.79, 1.76, 1.10, and 0.94 ng/ml for SA, CHE, PRO, ALL, dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA), and dihydrochelerythrine (DHCHE), respectively. The LODs with ESI/MS detection were lower three orders of magnitude than those obtained with UV detection. The proposed method could be used to control quality of the raw materials of the herb more comprehensively.     

基于ICP-AES法研究气候变暖对蒙药阿给九种元素含量的影响

全球气候变暖已成不争的事实,而夜间温度的增幅比白天大。本研究利用ICP-AES测定分别在白天、夜间和全天增温情景下生长的蒙药阿给生殖枝和营养枝中九种元素(Al,Ca,Fe,K,Mg,Cu,Mn,Zn,Ni)含量的变化,探索气候变暖对植物元素含量的影响。研究结果表明,白天、夜间和全天增温对阿给元素含量影响的部位差异不显著,但均呈现负效应大于正效应;白天增温对阿给元素含量的影响不显著,夜间增温显著降低了Al,Fe,Mn含量,且白天与夜间增温存在交互作用。     

4种保健野菜中微量元素的测定

以茵陈、牛繁缕、曲曲菜、猪毛菜为材料,用原子吸收光谱法测定了4种野菜中的Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素的含量。结果表明,4种野菜中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素,6种元素的加标回收率在96.57%～99.06%之间,相对标准偏差RSD值均低于3%,说明本试验测定结果可靠,精密度高。     

ICP-AES测定市售艾叶中的金属元素

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱测定大连市售的6种艾叶中的Zn、Pb、Cd、Fe、Mn、Cr、Mg、Ca、Cu、A110种金属元素含量。方法的加标回收率在97.0%—107.2%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4%。该测定结果为研究金属元素含量水平与中药药效关系提供了有用的数据。